What reduces the power to lower voltages in a distribution system?

Transformers play a critical role in electrical distribution systems by enabling the transmission of electrical power over long distances at high voltages, which minimizes losses due to resistance in the wires. They convert high voltage from generation sources to lower voltages suitable for use in homes and businesses. This transformation is essential for delivering electricity efficiently and safely to end users.

In a typical power distribution system, step-down transformers are used to reduce the voltage after it has been transmitted at high levels. This process is crucial because it allows for the safe use of electrical energy at levels that are appropriate for consumer use, such as the standard voltages for residential and commercial applications.

Other components like capacitors, switching relays, and resistors have their specific functions within electrical systems. Capacitors can help manage power factor and provide reactive power support, while relays are used for control and protection. Resistors, on the other hand, are typically used to limit current or divide voltage but introduce loss into the system rather than transforming voltage levels efficiently. Thus, the primary devices responsible for reducing power to lower voltages in a distribution system are the transformers located at substations or plant sites.